Definition and common types of DC power supply

Direct Current Power Supply, referred to as DC Power Supply, is a power supply device that converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). DC power supplies are widely used in electronic circuits, power systems, industrial control, communication equipment and other fields. The following are some basic definitions and common types of DC power supplies:

Definition

DC power supply is a power supply device that can provide stable DC voltage or current. It can convert AC power into DC power, or convert other forms of energy (such as chemical energy stored in batteries) into DC power. The main feature of DC power supply is that the polarity of the output voltage or current remains unchanged, that is, the current always flows from the positive electrode to the negative electrode.

Common types

Linear Power Supply:

Linear regulated power supply converts AC power into DC power by using a transformer and a rectifier, and then stabilizes the output voltage through a linear regulator (such as a transistor). The advantages of this power supply are small ripple and low noise, but the efficiency is relatively low.
Switching Power Supply:

Switching Power Supply uses high-frequency switching technology to convert voltage, usually including a switching element (such as a transistor), an energy storage element (such as an inductor or capacitor) and a control circuit. The advantages of switching power supply are small size, light weight and high efficiency, but it may generate large electromagnetic interference.
Voltage Regulated Power Supply:

A voltage regulated power supply can automatically adjust the output voltage to maintain a constant output voltage when the load changes or the input voltage fluctuates. This power supply can be either linear or switching type.
Constant Current Power Supply:

A constant current power supply can keep the output current constant, even if the load changes, it can maintain a stable current output.
Battery:

A battery is a chemical power source that can convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries can directly provide DC power and are ideal for portable devices and backup power systems.
Solar Power Supply:

Solar power supplies convert solar energy into DC power through solar panels, and usually need to be used in conjunction with a battery system to store and regulate electrical energy.

Electronic load is a device that can simulate different load conditions and is used to test the output performance of power supply equipment.

These types of DC power supplies have their own characteristics and applicable scenarios. Choosing a suitable DC power supply needs to be determined based on specific application requirements and environmental conditions.