What are the differences and advantages between MOS tubes and IGBT tubes?

MOS tubes (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) and IGBT tubes (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) are two common power semiconductor devices. They are similar in some aspects, but they also have some important differences and advantages.

The difference:

• Structure: MOS tube is a field effect transistor, which is composed of metal, oxide and semiconductor materials. The IGBT tube is a hybrid structure of a bipolar transistor and a MOSFET, consisting of an NPN bipolar transistor and a P-type insulated gate structure.
• Control signal: MOS tube controls the flow of current by applying voltage to the gate. IGBT tubes require a forward voltage between the gate and emitter to activate.
• Turn-on voltage drop: The voltage drop of the MOS tube in the turned-on state is small, so its power consumption is low. The IGBT tube has a larger conduction voltage drop, but its load-carrying capacity is higher.

Advantage:

Advantages of MOS tubes:

• Speed: MOS tubes have fast switching speeds and are suitable for high-frequency applications.
• Control: Because its gate voltage can control the current, the control of the MOS tube is more precise and has good responsiveness.
• Noise: MOS tubes have low noise levels and are suitable for noise-sensitive applications such as amplifiers.
• Drive circuit: The drive circuit of the MOS tube is relatively simple and easy to implement.

Advantages of IGBT tube:

• Carrying capacity: IGBT tubes have high carrying capacity and are suitable for high-power applications.
• Switching characteristics: The switching characteristics of IGBT tubes are similar to bipolar transistors, with lower conduction voltage drop and higher blocking capability.
• Driving requirements: The driving circuit of the IGBT tube is relatively simple and does not require high-precision control voltage.
• Anti-interference ability: IGBT tubes have less impact on electromagnetic interference and temperature changes.

The choice of which device to use depends on the specific application requirements. Typically, MOS tubes are suitable for high-frequency, low-power applications, while IGBT tubes are suitable for high-power, high-current applications, such as power conversion, motor drives, and power electronic equipment.